Este artículo presenta un modelo de crecimiento dinámico con la energía como un input en la función de producción. El stock de recursos energéticos disponibles se ordena por un parámetro de calidad basado en la contabilidad energética: la tasa de retorno energético (TRE). Por lo que sabemos esta es la primera vez que la TRE encaja en modelo de crecimiento neoclásico (con maximización individual de la utilidad y equilibrio de mercado) estableciendo así el uso del “análisis de rendimiento energético" sobre una base teórica más firme. Todos los conceptos necesarios para enlazar la economía neoclásica con la TRE se discuten antes de ser usados en el modelo, y se presenta un análisis comparativo del estado estacionario de una versión simplificada del modelo
IN A RAMSEY-HOTELLING
GROWTH MODEL
Arturo Macías and Mariano Matilla-García
Documentos de Trabajo
N.º 1217
Economic Letters, 1993.
ATKESON, A. AND KEHOE, P.,”Models of energy use: putty-putty vs.putty-clay”, The American Economic Review, 1999.
BACHMEIER, L. AND GRIFFIN, J.,“Testing for market integration: crude oil, coal and natural gas”, The Energy Journal, 2006.
BARRO, R., “Notes on Growth Accounting”, NBER Working Paper 6654, 1998.
BASSI, A., POWERS, R., AND SCHOENBERG, W., “An integrated approach to energy prospects for North America and
the rest of the World”, Energy Economics, 2010.
BATTISTI, R. AND CORRADO, A., ”Evaluation of technical improvements of photovoltaic systems through life cycle
assessment methodology”, Energy, 2005.
BAUMOL, W. AND WOLFF, E., “Subsidies to New Energy Sources: Do They Add to Energy Stocks?”, The Journal of
Political Economy,1981.
BENTOLILA, S. AND SAINT-PAUL, G., "Explaining Movements in the Labour Share," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics,
2003.
BEZIL, C., AND HANSEN, J., ”Subjective Discount Rates, Intergenerational Transfers and the Return to Schooling”,
Working Paper of the Institute for the Study of Labor, 1999.
CASS, DAVID, “Optimum growth in an aggregative model of capital accumulation,” Review of Economic Studies, 1965
CHAKRAVORTY, U., ROUMASSET, J., KINPING TSE, “Endogenous substitution among energy resources and global
warming”, Journal of Political Economy, 1997.
CHAKRAVORTY, U., MOREAUX, M. AND TIDBALL, M., "Ordering the Extraction of Polluting Nonrenewable Resources"
American Economic Review, 2008.
CLEVELAND ET AL., “Energy and the US economy: A biophysical perspective”, Science, 1984.
CLEVELAND, C., “Natural resource scarcity and economic growth revisited: Economic and Biophysical perspectives”, in
Ecological Economics: the science of management and sustainability”, Columbia University Press, 1991.
CLEVELAND, C. AND KAUFFMAN, R., “Forecasting ultimate oil recovery and its rate of production: incorporating
economic forces into the models of M.King Hubbert” The Energy Journal, 1991.
CLEVELAND, C., “Energy quality and energy surplus in the extraction of fossil fuels in the US”, Ecological Economics, 1992.
CLEVELAND, C., “Biophysical Economics: From Physiocracy to Ecological Economics and Industrial Ecology”.
Bioeconomics and Sustainability: Essays in Honor of Nicholas Gerogescu-Roegen, J. Gowdy and K. Mayumi,
Eds.Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, England, pp. 125-154, 1999a.
CLEVELAND, C., KAUFFMAN,ROBERT, AND STERN, DAVID, “Aggregation and the role of energy in the economy”,
Ecological Economics, 1999b.
CLEVELAND, C., “Net energy and the extraction of oil and gas in the United States”, Ecological Economics, 2001.
CONSTANZA, R (ed.),”Ecological Economics: The science of management and sustainability”, pages 289-317,
Columbia University Press, New York, 1991.
COTTRELL, W. F, “Energy and Society”. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1955.
DANXIA XIE, DANIEL, “A Generalized Fact and Model of Long-Run Economic Growth: Kaldor Fact as a Special Case”,
Working Paper of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2011.
DASGUPTA, P., AND HEAL, G., ”The Optimal Depletion of Exhaustible ResourcesAuthor(s): Reviewed work(s), The
Review of Economic Studies,1974.
DASGUPTA, P. “Human Well-Being and the Natural Environment”, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
GELB, A., KAISER, K. AND VIUELA, L., “How Much Does Natural Resource Extraction Really Diminish National Wealth?
The Implications of Discovery", Mimeo, 2011.
GEORGESCU-ROEGEN, N., “The Law of Entropy and the Economic Process”, Harvard University Press: Cambridge,
Massachusetts, 1971.
GEORGESCU-ROEGEN, N., ”Energy and economic myths”, Southern Economic Journal, 1975.
HALL, C., Balogh, S. and Murphy, D., “What is the minimum EROI a sustainable society must have?”, Energies, 2009
HALL, C.A.S, Tharakan, Hallock, Cleveland, Jefferson, “Hydrocarbons and the evolution of human culture”, Nature, 2003.
HALL, C.A.S, Day, J. W, “Revisiting the Limits to Growth After Peak Oil”, American Scientist, 2009.
HALL, C.A.S, “Introduction to Special Issue on New Studies in EROI (Energy Return on Investment)”, Sustainability, 2011.
HARTWICK, J. M., “Intergenerational Equity and the Investing of Rents from Exhaustible Resources”, The American
Economic Review, 1977.
HENDRICKSON, C. T., LAVE, L. B. AND MATTHEWS, H. S. “Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and
Services: An Input-Output Approach”. Resources for the Future Press, 2006.
HENSHAW P. F, KING, C. AND ZARNIKAU, J., “System Energy Assessment (SEA), Defining a Standard Measure of
EROI for Energy Businesses as Whole Systems”, Sustainability, 2011.
HIRSCH, R., BEZDECK, R. AND WENDLING, R., “Peaking of World Oil Production: Impacts, Mitigation and Risk
Management”, US Department of Energy, 2005.
HOLLAND, S. P., “Modelling Peak Oil”, The Energy Journal, 2008.
HONG, LI ET AL., “Evaluating the effects of embodied energy in international trade on ecological footprint in China”,
Ecological Economics, 2007.
HOTELLING, H., “The economics of exhaustible resources”, The Journal of Political Economy, 1931.
HUBBERT, M. K., “Nuclear Energy and the Fossil Fuels”, American Petroleum Institute, 1956.
JEVONS, S., “The Coal Question; An Inquiry Concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines”, 1865.
KAUFMANN, R., “The relation between marginal product and price in US energy markets”, Energy Economics, 1994.
KENNY, R., LAW, C. AND PEARCE, J. M., "Towards Real Energy Economics: Energy Policy Driven by Life-Cycle
Carbon Emission", Energy Policy, 2010.
KOETSE, M. K., GROOT. H. L. F. AND FLORAX, R. J. G. M., “Capital-Energy Substitution and Shifts in Factor Demand:
a Meta-Analysis”, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper, 2006.
KOOPMANS, T., “On the concept of optimal economic growth,” Econometric Approach to Development Planning,
chap. 4, pp. 225–87. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1965.
KUBISZEWSKI, I., CLEVELAND, C.J. AND ENDRES, P.K., “Meta-analysis of net energy return for wind power systems”,
Renewable Energy, 2009.
LENZEN, M., “Life cycle energy and greenhouse gas emissions of nuclear energy: A review”, Energy Conversion and
Management, 2008.
LOTKA, A. J., “Elements of Physical Biology”. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1924.
MANNO, JACK, ”Looking for a Silver Lining: The Possible Positives of Declining Energy Return on Investment (EROI)”,
Sustainability, 2011.
MAS-COLLEL, A., WHINSTON, M. D. AND GREEN, J. R., “Microeconomic Theory: Chapter 5”, 1995.
MAYUMI, K, “The Origins of Ecological Economics: The Bioeconomics of Georgescu-Roegen”, Routledge, 2001.
MUDD, G. M., “Historical Trends in Base Metal Mining: Backcasting to Understand the Sustainability of Mining. Proc.
“48th Annual Conference of Metallurgists”, Canadian Metallurgical Society, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, 2009.
MULDER, K. AND HAGENS N. J., “Energy Return on Investment: Towards a Consistent Framework”, Ambio, 2008.
MURPHY, D. J., HALL AND C. A. S, “Year in review—EROI or energy return on (energy) invested”, Annals of the New
York Academy of Science, 2011.
MURPHY, D. J., HALL C. A. S, DALE, M. AND CLEVELAND, C., “Order from Chaos: A Preliminary Protocol for Determining the EROI of Fuels”, Sustainability, 2011.
MUSGRAVE, J. C, ”Fixed Reproducible Tangible Wealth in the United States, Revised Estimates”, Survey of Current Business, 1992.
NORDHAUS, W. D., “Principles of National Accounting For Non-market Accounts", In: Dale Jorgenson, J. Steven
Landefeld, and William D. Nordhaus, 2006. A New Archi-tecture for the U.S. National Accounts, NBER, 2006
NADIRI M. I. AND PRUCHA, I. R.,”Estimation of the Depreciation Rate of Physical and R&D Capital in the US
Manufacturing Sector”, Economic Inquiry, 1996.
ODUM, H. T. AND ODUM, E. C., “Energy Basis for Man and Nature”. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1976.
ODUM, H. T,. “Systems Ecology”. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1983.
PHILLIPS, W. G. B. AND EDWARDS, D. P., “Metal prices as a function of ore grade”, Resources policy, 1976.
PIMENTEL, D., “Biofuels, Solar and Wind as renewable energy systems”, Springer, 2008.
PEARCE, J. M. "Limitations of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Technologies Set by Rapid Growth and Energy Cannibalism", Klima 2008.
RAMSEY F. P., "A Mathematical Theory of Saving," Economic Journal, 1928.
REYNOLDS, D. B., “The mineral economy: how prices and costs can falsely signal decreasing scarcity”, Ecological Economics, 1999.
RICARDO, D., “On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation”, 1817.
ROBELIUS, F., “Giant Oil Fields: The highway to oil”, Ph.D Thesis. Uppsala University, 2007.
SHINKUMA, T. AND NISHIYAMA, T., “The grade selection rule of the metal mines; an empirical study on copper mines”, Resources Policy, 2000.
SOLOW, R.,”Technical change and the aggregate production function”, Review of Economics and Statistics, 1957
STIGLITZ, J., “Growth with Exhaustible Natural Resources: Efficient and Optimal Growth Paths”, The Review of Economic Studies, 1974.
STRESING, R., LINDENBERGER D. AND KÜMMEL, R., “Cointegration of Output, Capital, Labour and Energy”, Institute
of Energy Economics at the University of Cologne, 2008.
SWEENEY J. L, “The response of energy demand to higher prices: what have we learned?”, The American Economic,Review, 1984.
SWEENEY, J., “The response to energy demand to higher prices”, The American Economic Review, 1984
THOMAS, J.A.G, “Energy Analysis”. Westview Press, Boulder (1977).
VAN ZON, A. AND YETKINER, I. H, “An endogenous growth model with embodied energy-saving technical change”, Resource and Energy Economics, 2003.
WORLD BANK, “The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Develop-ment in the New Millennium”, 2010.
ZIMMERMAN, M., “Modelling depletion in a mineral industry: the case of coal”, The Bell Journal of Economics, 1977
-------------------
TRE:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasa_de_retorno_energ%C3%A9tico
-----------------
Comentario:
¿sera un avance si se analizan los nuevos estacionarios cuando se incorpora la energía?
¿ sera un avance si los nuevos modelos se orientan desde problemas de optimización ? Sera pues interesante relacionarlo con los otros enfoques de Axel Leijonhufvud, Kirman, y las ideas de Durlauf,Randall Wray,Clower, S.Keen.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario en la entrada